User:Fradeve11/prove2

Tagging scheme to describe historic structures/areas/elements.

Why we need new historical tagging?

The historical workgroup is an initiative of the Italian OSM community to bring in the project features for the most diffused types of cultural heritage in Europe and in the world. At now (half 2009), OSM lacks of more or less 10 types of cultural evidences, more or less diffused in all the continents. This consideration has been raised after the first ArchaeoMapping Party of the OSM history: Pompei 2008 (08-12-08). In pills: OSM is used for almost all applications of cartography, and now we want to enable OSM to be used also for historic heritage knowing - conservation - turism management.

The 2 logos are from Wikimedia Commons, and are used for "Finnish road sign no. 772 a. Museum or historic building"; it's in public domain because it is a part of a decision or a statement by an authority or a public body of Finland.

historic historic=yes

Name

This applies both to historic areas and historic elements (highways, columns, etc.).

name	local language spelling
name:it	Italian language spelling in national lettering. Examples: "Area archeologica di Pompei"
name:en	English spelling in national lettering. Examples: "Archaeological Area of Pompeii"
name:la	Latin spelling in national lettering. Examples: "Pompeii"

Example

Feature	Documentation	Tagging example
historic names	Example for Pompeii: Latin names	name=Taverna di Febo name:la=Taberna Phoebi

Historic areas

type
de	historischer Ort
en	Historic area
us	Historic area
fr	Zone historique
it	Area storica

The historic site (land area), mostly fenced or outlined by hedge, barrier or access restriction is tagged on land with:

Feature	Tag	Status	Present in Tagwatch
Archaeologic area	historic=archaeological_site	Approved	yes [2766]
Palaeontological area	geological=palaeontological_site	Voting	no
Historic station area/building	railway:historic=station_site	Voting	yes [199]

• See #Heritage designation for historic areas protected by designation from institutions (e.g. UNESCO).
• Use historic=archaeological_site (or historic=paleontological_site) + site_type=fortification for castles or ancient fortifications which have completely vanished or of which only little visible remains exist like ramparts, moats or some stones. For others kind of fortification's tags, see #Castles.

Historic aqueducts

type
de	antikes Aquädukt
en	Historic aqueduct
us	Historic aqueduct
fr	Aqueduc historique
it	Acquedotto storico

Roman ones in en.wiki

Feature	Tag	Status	Present in Tagwatch
aqueducts	historic=aqueduct bridge_type=aqueduct	also have a look at Proposed_features/aqueduct To be proposed
Useful combination	historic:civilization=*

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Historic public baths (thermae)

type
de
en	Historic thermal baths
us	Historic thermal baths
fr	thermes historiquees
it	Terme antiche

Thermae, Roman ad Greek, Roman ones on en.wiki

Feature	Tag	Status	Present in Tagwatch
ancient public baths	building=yes historic=thermae	To be proposed
Useful combination	culture=*

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Ancient amphitheatres

type
de
en	Historic amphitheatre
us	Historic amphitheatre
fr	Amphithéâtre historique
it	Anfiteatro storico

Roman ones on en.wiki

Feature	Tag	Status	Present in Tagwatch
ancient amphitheatres	building=yes historic=amphitheatre	To be proposed
Useful combination	culture=*

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Obelisks

type
de	Obelisk
en	Obelisk
us	Obelisk
fr	Obélisque
it	Obelisco

en.wiki

Feature	Tag	Status	Present in Tagwatch
obelisks	building=yes historic=obelisk	also have a look at man_made=obelisk To be proposed
Useful combination	culture=* height=*

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Stones

type
de
en	Historic stones
us	Historic stones
fr
it	Pietre storiche

Feature	Tag	Status	Present in Tagwatch	Notes
boundary_stone	historic=boundary_stone	To be proposed	yes [450]
generic tag for megaliths	historic=megalith	To be proposed	no
menhir	historic=megalith + megalith_type=menhir	To be proposed	yes [16]	In this key:value pair will be merged also all: historic=menhir [13] menhir=yes [2] etc.
stone_circle	historic=megalith + megalith_type=stone_circle	To be proposed	yes [1]	In this key:value pair will be merged also all: historic=stone_circle [13] etc.
dolmen	historic=megalith + megalith_type=dolmen	To be proposed	yes [2]	In this key:value pair will be merged also all: historic=dolmen [6] dolmen=yes [2] etc.
milestone	historic=milestone	To be proposed	yes [50]

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  The Rudston Monolith

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  A stone circle

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  A dolmen

Historic roads

type
de
en	Historic roads
us	Historic roads
fr	Rues historiquees
it	Strade storiche

We need a smart way to tag historic highways: both in good conditions and in bad conditions. Roman viaducts are here on en.wiki

Feature	Tag	Status	Present in Tagwatch	Notes
historic roads * roman roads * pilgrimage roads * ancient commercial roads	historic=road	To be proposed		In this key:value pair will be merged also all: historic=roman_road [50] etc.
viaducts	historic=bridge bridge_type=highway	To be proposed

Useful combinations

For both the elements (roads and viaducts) we recommend the following combinations of tags:

Feature	Tag	Status	Present in Tagwatch
Useful combination	a specific Relation:route: route=historic	To be proposed	no
Useful combination	culture=*	To be proposed	no
Useful combination	smoothness=* cutting=yes tunnel=yes width=*	Approved	yes

Examples

Feature	Documentation	Tagging example
Appian Way	Appian Way on en.wiki	historic=road name=Appian Way name:la=Via Appia type=route route=historic culture=roman
Camino de Santiago	Camino de Santiago on en.wiki	historic=road name=St. James' Way name:es=El Camino de Santiago type=route route=pilgrimage
Silk Road	Silk Road on en.wiki	historic=road name=Silk Road name:it=Via della Seta type=route route=historic

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Castles

type
de	Burg
en	Castle
us	Castle
fr	Château fort
it	Castello

See historic=castle for further informations.

Feature	Tag	Status	Present in Tagwatch	Notes
castle	historic=castle	Approved	yes
Useful combinations	name=*	Approved	yes
Useful combinations	wikipedia=article_name	Approved	yes	Use different tags for linking the same article in different languages, e.g. wikipedia:en=Pillnitz wikipedia:de=Schloss Pillnitz
Useful combinations	castle_type=*	Discussion	yes	castle_type=* could be: castle_type=burg castle_type=schloss castle_type=burg;schloss castle_type=festung castle_type=kremlin castle_type=shiro castle_type=defensive castle_type=stately castle_type=fortress castle_type=roman
Useful combinations	ruins=yes	Approved	yes	Use it when the castle is a ruin, that means if only remains of buildings without roof or at least some walls exist (don't use historic=ruins anymore!).

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Tumulus

type
de
en	Cairn
us	Tumulus
fr
it	Tumulo

Feature	Tag	Status	Present in Tagwatch	Notes
cairn	historic=archaeologic_site + site_type=cairn	Discussion	yes [32]

This tag is heavily under discussion; historic=archaeologic_site+site_type=cairn could be substituted by site_type=tumulus or man_made=cairn. Also see historic=tomb and tomb=*

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Memorial

type
de
en	Memorial
us	Memorial
fr
it	Memoriale

Feature	Tag	Status	Present in Tagwatch	Notes
memorial	historic=memorial name=*	Approved	yes	This is used only for memorials. For monuments use historic=monument.

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Battlefield

type
de	Schlachtfeld
en	Battlefield
us	Battlefield
fr	Champ de bataille
it	Campo di battaglia

The site of a battle or military skirmish in the past. this could be on land or at sea.

Feature	Tag	Status	Present in Tagwatch	Notes
battlefield	historic=battlefield	Approved	yes [60]	In this key:value pair will be merged also all: historic=battelfield [1] historic=battle [2] historic=battle_field [3] historic=battle_ground [1] historic=battle_site [1]
Useful combinations	name=* date=*	Approved	yes	Name stands for the name of the battle; Date for the date of that as YYYY-MM-DD.

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Heritage designation

Feature	Tag	Status	Present in Tagwatch	Notes
heritage designation	historic=heritage + designation=*	Discussion	yes [~50]

Example

Feature	Documentation	Tagging example
UNESCO_world_heritage	Example for Wikipedia:World_Heritage_Site	historic=heritage + designation=UNESCO_world_heritage

• Note: actually UNESCO has designed 890 world heritage sites. In Tagwatch this tag is used only [35] times. We have to homogenize in this tag also all the historic=unesco_world_heritage [13] and all the historic=world cultural heritage.

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Others useful tags

Museums

de	Museum
en	Museum
us	Museum
fr	Musée
it	Museo

Feature	Tag	Status	Present in Tagwatch
museum	building=yes tourism=museum	Approved
Useful combination	operator=* building=yes opening_hours=*

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Topology

The most popular question after this kind of tagging proposal is

Why have you proposed some features as "new", when we have already them? For example, for roman bridges, you have proposed

historic = bridge
bridge_type = viaduct
culture = roman

when we could have for example

brige = yes
highway = path
historic = yes

that could be use, avoiding to introduce "historic = bridge" into database.

Answer: We need to strongly distinguish actual and suitable features from past ad historic ones. Probably, if I query the OSM database for all "bridge = yes", mostly I don't want the historical bridges (unsuitable for cars); in the same time, if I query database for "historic = bridge", i get them without adding any other query (while in the other case I must query for "bridge = yes" + "historic = yes"). Moreover, in the proposed model, the tag bridge_type contains the ancient use destination of the bridge. For example, a bridge that was built to carry a road and now is suitable today only for pedestrian, could be tagged as "historic = bridge" + "bridge_type = viaduct" + "highway = pedestrian" + "culture = roman". For the same reason, the use of historic = yes should be reduced, because searching for a "main" tag should not give a results including historic features.

So, the main problem is that the historic=* tag is more complex that other tags, because it represents features of the past, and mostly not usable today for they original ancient purpose. For this reason, all the historic features must be excluded from simply queries, which must give only actual features.

Problem: conventions to express the historical period

So, they're really a lot of features. What can we do? A problem remains open: how to distinguish building time.

Datation with period

historic = megalith
period = neolithic

Datation with date

historic = megalith
start_date = 3100 BC

or, for a Pompeii fountain

historic = yes
amenity = drinking_water
date = 78-08-24

TODO

• Define objections on bridges, viaducts and aqueducts
• Define a tag for barrier=sally_port to use as the Pompeii's historic=city_gate (probably barrier=sally_port + historic=yes because lots of actually working "sally_ports" have been in the past city gates?)
• introduce historic=triumphal_arch